Procyanidin B3, vicenin2, astilbin, kaempferol-3-sophoroside-7-rhamnoside, isoquercitrin, isochlorogenic acid A, rutin, cynaroside, hyperoside, genistein, kaempfeol-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin, kaempferol, catechin, (-)-epicatechin, luteolin, vitexin, oleanolic acid, and isookanin-7-O-glucoside (the purities of all standards were higher than 99 % by HPLC analysis) were purchased from Weikeqi-biotech Co., ltd. (Chengdu, Sichuan, China). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Escherichia coli O111:B4 and 3-[4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). |